Delta-opioid receptor-mediated increase in cortical extracellular levels of cholecystokinin-like material by subchronic morphine in rats
by
Becker C, Pohl M, Thiebot MH, Collin E, Hamon M, Cesselin F, Benoliel JJ
INSERM U. 288,
NeuroPsychoPharmacologie Moleculaire,
Cellulaire et Fonctionnelle,
C.H.U. Pitie-Salpetriere,
Paris, France.
becker@idf.jussieu.fr
Neuropharmacology 2000 Jan 4; 39(2):161-71

ABSTRACT

Numerous pharmacological data indirectly support the idea that interactions between cholecystokinin (CCK) and opioids participate in the development of tolerance to morphine. Biochemical investigations were performed with the aim of directly assessing the status of such interactions in morphine treated rats. Tolerance to the alkaloid after s.c. implantation of morphine pellets for three days was not associated with any change in the levels of both CCK like-material (CCKLM) and proCCK mRNA in the frontal cortex. However, microdialysis in the freely moving rat showed that this morphine treatment produced a significant increase (+40%) of the cortical spontaneous CCKLM outflow, which could be completely prevented by intracortical infusion of naloxone (10 microM). The opioid receptors responsible for morphine-induced cortical CCKLM overflow appeared to be of the delta type because intracortical infusion of selective delta-opioid receptor antagonists such as naltriben (10 microM) and 7-benzylidenenaltrexone (10 microM) also prevented the effect of morphine, whereas CTOP (10 microM), a selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist, and nor-binaltorphimine (10 microM), a selective K-opioid receptor antagonist, were inactive. These data indicate that morphine tolerance is associated with delta-opioid receptor mediated activation of cortical CCKergic systems in rats.

Pain
CREB
Reward
Morphine
Tramadol
Tolerance
Buprenorphine
Kappa agonists
Opioid receptors
Fentanyl and ketamine
Kappa upregulation and addiction
Delta opioid receptors and anxiety
Delta opioid receptors, emotion and motivation
Delta-opioid receptor agonists as antidepressants?

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