Antagonists of the {kappa}-opioid receptor enhance allodynia in rats and mice after sciatic nerve ligation
by
Obara I, Mika J, Schafer MK, Przewlocka B.
Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Sep 1

ABSTRACT

The administration of kappa-opioid receptor antagonists, nor-binaltorphimine (norBNI) and 5'-guanidinonaltrindole (GNTI) enhanced allodynia in rats and mice after sciatic nerve ligation. In order to understand the mechanism underlying this effect, we examined the possible involvement of the endogenous ligand of kappa-opioid receptor dynorphin. The experiments were carried out on male Wistar rats and on Albino-Swiss mice. The rats had been implanted with a catheter 7 days earlier in the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord. Intrathecal (i.t.) administrations in mice were made by lumbar puncture. The animals were i.t. injected with norBNI, GNTI (kappa-opioid receptor antagonists), dynorphin A1-17 antiserum (DYN A/S), ketamine (NMDA receptor antagonist) and their combinations. The nociceptive sensitivity was assessed using the mechanical (von Frey) and therma allodynia tests on days 2-4 and 8-10 after the sciatic nerve ligation. Both antagonists, norBNI and GNTI, significantly enhanced mechanical and therma allodynia in rats and mice with neuropathic pain. The potentiation of allodynia after the administration of norBNI or GNTI was inhibited by earlier administration of DYN A/S or by ketamine. Our results suggest that allodynia is mediated through nonopioid effect of the endogenous opioid peptide, dynorphin. The nonopioid action is potentiated by the blockade of kappa-opioid receptors, and corresponding to the elevation of prodynorphin mRNA level in neuropathic pain. Furthermore, the potentiation of allodynia after the administration of the above drugs appears to be mediated through the activation of NMDA receptors directly by dynorphin.

Mu
Pain
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Tramadol
Tolerance
Endomorphins
Buprenorphine
Receptor subtypes
Nor-binaltorphimine
Fentanyl and ketamine
Kappa upregulation and addiction
kappa-Opioid withdrawal in Planaria
Nalbuphine and anti-analgesia in men and women
Indolomorphinan antagonists of the kappa-opioid receptor
The kappa receptor antagonist norbinaltorphimine as an antidepressant

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