Chronic pain in the setting of
Parkinson's disease and depression
by
Stein WM, Read S
UCLA Multicampus Program in Geriatrics and Gerontology,
UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute, USA.
J Pain Symptom Manage 1997 Oct; 14(4):255-8

ABSTRACT

A 65-year-old woman with chronic pain was admitted to the hospital for severe recurrent major depression complicating Parkinson's disease (PD). Pain complaints were closely related to the fluctuating motor syndrome of PD. Specifically, pain was experienced in conjunction with hypomobility, and, as a result, she self-medicated with extra carbidopa/levodopa. A regimen of tramadol and cyclobenzaprine, along with sustained-release carbidopa/levodopa for PD and buproprion for her depression resulted in sustained symptomatic and functional improvement. Craving for, and self-medication with, supplemental carbidopa/levodopa ceased. Theoretical support for synergism among dopamine and opioid neurotransmitter systems can be found in recent literature.

Ultram
Morphine
Opiophobia
Ultram abuse?
Buprenorphine
Antidepressant
Rats like tramadol
The tramadol option
Tramadol: pharmacology
Tramadol and acute pain
Tramadol versus venlafaxine
Opioids, dopamine and alcohol
Tramadol as an antidepressant
Tramadol: risk/benefit analysis
Tramadol (Ultram): mechanisms
Tramadol, noradrenaline and dopamine
Tramadol/sustained release preparation
Monoamine function: tramadol as an antidepressant

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